Moose Goheen learned his hockey on the outdoor rinks of White Bear Lake and nearby St. Paul. He was not only a great hockey player but also an outstanding football and baseball performer as well.

In the fall of 1915, Goheen joined the St. Paul Athletic Club, one of the strongest American amateur teams of its time. Goheen, along with such other greats as Tony Conroy, Cy Weidenborner and Ed Fitzgerald, helped capture the McNaughton Trophy in 1916-17. This trophy was then symbolic of American amateur hockey supremacy. St. Paul won the cup again the following year as well as the Art Ross Cup from Lacime, Quebec in Montreal. Goheen then joined the U.S. Army for World War I service.

Returning in 1920, Moose Goheen led the St. Paul team to another McNaughton Trophy. He joined the first United States Olympic Hockey Team in the same year. Playing at Antwerp, Belgium, the United States skaters won three games by wide margins and lost only to Canada for a second place finish. These games were the only Olympic competition in which seven- man hockey was played. Goheen was unable to play for the 1924 team because of business commitments. He continued with the St. Paul team through 1926 when it turned professional and then on through 1932.

Goheen was drafted by the Boston Bruins, and also offered a contract by the Toronto Maple Leafs, but preferred to remain in Minnesota with the Northern States Power Company. He is credited with originating the wearing of helmets to protect sustained injuries. On the ice, old timers remember his as a high scoring defenseman noted for his rink length dashes.

He was selected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in Toronto in 1952. The Minnesota Hall of Fame elected Goheen in 1958 as the finest hockey player ever produced in the state.